Omozing Answers › Credit scores and bureaus

What do DPD and SMA mean on my credit report?

In short: DPD means days past due: how many days late a payment was in a given month. 000 means on time; 030 means about 30 days late. SMA means special mention account, the stage lenders use to flag an overdue loan before it turns bad: SMA-0 is 1–30 days overdue, SMA-1 is 31–60 and SMA-2 is 61–90. Past 90 days the loan is usually classed as a non-performing asset (NPA), shown as SUB on many reports. The further right you go on that scale, the harder the entry is to live down.

Written by the Omozing Credit Team · Reviewed for accuracy by our credit and compliance team · Updated October 2026

From one late day to NPA: the overdue ladder

Every loan and card on your report has a payment-history grid, one cell per month. Each cell records how late you were that month. Lenders group those numbers into stages, and each stage reads very differently to the next credit officer who opens your file.

Days past due and the stage each one falls in

SMA-0 SMA-1 SMA-2 NPA (SUB) On time 1–30 days 31–60 days 61–90 days over 90 days 0306090120+ Days past due A slip A pattern of stress A default

Drawn to scale (each band is 30 days). SMA stages are how lenders classify overdue loans internally; on your report you will mostly see the DPD number for each month and an asset-classification label.

Decoding the labels in your payment history

000 or STD

Paid on time that month. STD stands for standard. This is what you want to see in every cell.

030, 060, 090

The number of days past due at the time the lender reported. 030 is roughly one EMI behind; 090 is roughly three.

SMA

Special mention account: overdue but not yet an NPA. Some reports show it as a label instead of a number.

SUB, DBT, LSS

Substandard, doubtful and loss: increasingly serious classes for a loan that has gone past 90 days.

XXX

Nothing was reported for that month. Not negative in itself, but check it if the loan was active.

An illustrative payment history, read month by month

MonthReportedWhat happened
Jan000EMI paid on the due date
Feb030EMI bounced; not paid before the next reporting date
Mar060Two EMIs now outstanding
Apr000Both missed EMIs and charges paid; account back to current
May to Dec000Eight clean months that start to rebuild trust

An illustrative profile, not a real customer. The 030 and 060 stay in the history even after the account is brought up to date; what changes is how much weight they carry as clean months build up after them.

What most people get wrong: they think paying the overdue amount wipes the late months off their report. It doesn’t. Paying stops the DPD from climbing, which matters enormously, because 30 days late is read very differently from 90. But accurate history stays. The way past it is a long run of 000s after it, not a deletion.

How lenders read your DPD history

Recency and severity matter most. A single 030 two years ago, followed by clean months, is usually read as a slip. Repeated 030s and 060s in the last year suggest ongoing stress. Anything past 90 days, or a later write-off, is the most serious. Lenders must also notify you before they report you as a defaulter, so read every message from your lender.

At Omozing a credit officer reads the full grid, not just the score, so the story behind a late month counts. If a recent slip came from juggling several loan-app EMIs, combining them into one with SmartSwitch can make it easier to keep every month at 000. For what one missed EMI does, see missed one EMI: what happens.

A few late months on your report?

If you are salaried with a take-home of ₹40,000 or more and a score from 600, we read the whole history, not just the number.

Frequently asked questions

What is DPD in a CIBIL report?

Days past due: how many days late your payment was in a given month. 000 means on time.

Is SMA-0 a default?

No. SMA-0 means 1–30 days overdue. It is an early warning, but it shows the account was late, so pay as soon as you can.

When does a loan become an NPA?

Usually when it is more than 90 days overdue. It may then show as SUB, for substandard, on your report.

Can a DPD entry be removed if I have paid?

Not if it is accurate. If the DPD is wrong, for example a payment you made on time, dispute it with proof; corrections are free.

Does XXX in the payment history hurt my score?

XXX means no data was reported for that month. It is not a late payment, but if the loan was active, ask the lender to report correctly.

Next questions people ask:

What happens to my CIBIL score if I miss one EMI? What does ‘written off’ mean on my credit report? How long does it take to rebuild a credit score after a default?

Omozing is the digital lending brand of Aparampaar Finance Private Limited, an RBI-registered non-deposit-taking NBFC. Loans are subject to credit assessment. See our regulatory disclosures and grievance redressal process.